Air-cooled cylinder



Jul 31, 1923-v EAGEEQS s. R.-SAUNDERS AIR COOLED CYLINDER Patents July 31, 1923.

'15: area SAMUEL R. SAUNDERS, F GREEN BAY,

WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T0 JOSEPH HENDRICKS, OF SOUTH KAUKAUNA, WISCONSIN.

AIR-COOLED CYLINDER.

Application filed November 17, 1921. Serial no. mecca.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL R. SAUNDERS,

a citizen of the United States, and resident of Green Bay, in the count of Brown and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Cooled Cylinders; and I. do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to improvements in air-cooled cylinders in which a tool holding anvil is ex osed to the impacts of a piston hammer. e invention constitutes an improvement of the gas hammer described in my prior Patent No. 1,237 ,82'?

It is an object of the invention to provide a gas hammer with an air cooled cylinder of novel structure by means of which the same is more efiiciently cooled than has heretofore been possible.

With these and other objects in view which will readily be apparent upon perusal of the specification, the invention comprlses the means hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of the device constructed in accordance with my invention. v

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a section on the line 44 of $5 Fi re 1.

igure 5 is a section on the line 55 of Fi re 1.

igure 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Figure 1, and

Figure 7 is a section on the line 77 of Fi ure 3.

eferring to the drawings, 1 designates a casting provided at its upper portion with a plurality of circumferential ribs 2 so as to 41 facilitate air cooling of the casting which constitutes a cylinder of a combustion engine. A fuel chamber 3 is secured in the lower portion of the casting 1 and is filled with liquid fuel through an aperture closed by a removable screw plug l. The casting 1 is centrally bored for the reception of a reciprocating piston 5 equipped with a pluralityof piston rings 6 and formed integral with or secured to the shaft 7 and adapted is a section on the line 3-3 of to execute hammer blows on a coactin anvil 8. A spring 9 surrounds the hammer shaft? within the piston 5 and is anchored with 1ts end in apertures 10, 11, respectively disposed in the castin and in the solid portlon of the piston 5. his arrangement preeludes rotation of the spring during operation of the device.

The anvil 8 engages at 12 the hammer shaft 7 and is formed with a head 13 mounted to reciprocate in a bore 14 of the casting. Io the anvil head 13 a shaft 15 is secured 1n any appropriate manner or if preferred the shaft may be formed integral with the head. At a suitable distance from the head 13 a ball bearing 16 is interposed between the casting wall and the shaft 15 and forms an abutment for the lower end of a coil spring 17 encircling the anvil shaft and engaging at its upper end a shoulder 18 formed on the casting wall. The shaft 15 is formed intermediate its ends with spiral teeth 19 and in mesh therewith are a plurallty of spring impelled catches 21 arranged 1n the bore 14 and supported by a nut 20 closing the lower end of the castin Upon each stroke of the piston the anvil 8 is quickly thrown downwardly whereby the catches 21 are unmeshed but are again urged into mesh with the spiral teeth 19 under the action of their springs. As the renewed engagement between the teeth and the catches takes place almost immediately after unmeshing the catches mesh with the spiral teeth in a difi'erent location with the result that in a subse uent upward movement of the anvil, the atter will execute a slight rotation in which movement the parts secured to the anvil participate.

The tool 22 of suitable construction and length is inserted in the hollow anvil shaft 15 and is retained therein by a pin 23 extending through the tool and the shaft. The tool 22 is provided with an axial bore 23' extending throughout its length and communicating at the upper end with a transverse bore 24 openin into a peripheral groove 25 of the anvil head. This groove is in registry with a longitudinal duct 26 leading to the upper end of the cylinder so that a part of the spent gases may escape through the duct 26, the groove 25, the bores 24, 23 and out through the tool to remove dust and other foreign substances accumulating thereurd into closing position by a spring 30.

The chamber 31 opens into a plurality of horizontal ducts 32 leading to the exterior and permitting the ingress of air. The horizontal direction of the ducts preclude the entry of dust into the valve chamber whereb the operation of the carburetor would e impaired. A. tine bore 33 leads to the valve 29 and is closed thcreb when the latter is in normal position. T e bore 33 oens into a circumferential groove 34 of it nut 28 and within this passage a screw valve 35 is arranged controlling the communication between the passages 33, 34, and

adapted to be adjusted by rotation of its head. A plurality of apertures 36 establish communication between the chamber 3 and the groove 34.

The handle 37 of the device is covered with rubber to absorb shocks engendered by the constant impacts between the hammer shaft and the anvil. The handle stem. 38 is hollow and receives a pin 39 malntamod in the position shown in Figure 1 by a spring 40. The pin is depressed to init ate movement of the piston 5- upon startln The s m 38 forms an extension of the cy inder head 41 secured to the cylinder 1 by studs 42, screwed into the cylinder wall and loosely projecting through apertures in the head 41. Springs 43 are interposed between nuts 44 and the head, to retain the latter resiliently in engagement with the cylinder. The springs 43 efiectively absorb shocks which otherwise would reach the upper parts of the device and evcntuall would cause destruction of the same. he ignition circuit includes a spark plug 45, and insulated contact in 46 located at the side of the cylinder igs. 3 and 7) and extending into a longitudinal groove 47 of the piston. Upon reciprocation of the iston the end of-the grooves contacts with t e pin to close the circuit. The battery-48 is connected by a wire 49 to the contact pinv and this wire is wound around the core 50 to energize the same and to thereby cause contact between the vibrator 51 and a terminal 52, causing the secondary circuit 53 to produce a spark between the terminals of the spark plug 45. I 1

The cyllnder is provided with peripheral ribs 54 as is usual in air-cooled cylinders. Between these ribs 1 have provided thin annular disks 55 which are loosely held on spindles 56 which extend through the ribs and disks parallel to the axis of the cylinder and are held at their ends in o posing recesses 5'? and 58 formed in the s oulder 59 on the cylinder casting and the flange 60 formed on the cylinder head. These disks are vibrated by the explosions in the" piston. The latter compresses the explosive mixture beneath the same. Upon reachin the lowermost position, the duct 54 is opene wherethrough the compressed char e passes through the explosive chamber a ove the piston. The incoming charge deflected by the wall of the recess 55 formed in the piston scavenges the explosion chamber and 95 forces the air therein through a ertures 27 and the ducts 23 through the too The u ward movement of the piston is obtained y the spring 9. During this stroke the useline or other liquid fuel stored in the 0 amber 3 is drawn through openings 36, passages 34, 33, upwardly together with the supply of air obtained from the openings 32 and by virtue of lifting the valve 29 the air passes through the openings 29 and is mixed with the gas and this mixture accumulates in the explosion .chamber beneath the iston 5. As the piston moves upward the ends of the groove Contact with the pin 46 whereby the ignition circuit is closed and a spark generated at the electrodes of the'spark plug 45 which ignites the fuel mixture partially com ressed within the explosion chamber. e explosion forces the piston downwardly against the tension of the spring 9 whereby the mixture underneath the piston is compressed and forced upwardly above the piston by way of the duct 54.- The roducts of combustion are ejected by it incoming charge through the apertures 2'? and through the lltl passage 26 to remove the foreign substances accumulating in front of the tool. ltis to 1 are the device is running idle, i. e., when a tool is not secured thereto'such as. occurs in the interimwhen one tool is exchanged for another, the spring 17 'isrelied upon to take up and absorb the force of the downwardl moving piston. v

lle the drawin indicates the pre-' ferred embodiment -o the vinvention, varinaeaaaa ous changes and alterations may be made within the scope of the invention. 1,

therefore, do notlimit myself to the exact constructional features as shown but wantto avail myself of any modifications which peripheral ribs, spindles extending through the ribs parallel to the axis of the cylinder and thin annular disks surrounding the cylinder between the ribs and loosely held by said spindles.

2. An air cooled cylinder having annular peripheral ribs, a head having a peripheral flange, spindles extending through the ribs parallel to the axis of the cylinder, the cylinder casting and flange of the head having opposed recesses in which the ends of the spindles are held and thin annular disks surrounding the cylinder between the ribs and loosely held by said spindles.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand at Green Bay, in the county of Brown and State of Wisconsin. I

SAMUEL R. SAUNDERS. 

